Research Article

Psychometric Evaluation of the Chemistry Teachers’ Instructional Practices Scale using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Patience Guyah1*, Yusuf Feyisara Zakariya1, Ramatu Ematum Umahaba2
1 Department of Science Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
2 Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
* Corresponding author: patienceguyah@gmail.com
Published: Aug, 2026
Pages: 25–36
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Abstract

This study examined the psychometric properties of the chemistry teachers' instructional practices scale (C-TIPS), an adapted instrument designed to students’ perceptions of their teachers' instructional practices. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 247 400-level pre-service chemistry teachers from three federal universities in Northwest Nigeria. The 12-item C-TIPS was initially conceptualised as comprising three dimensions: clarity of instruction, cognitive activation, and classroom management. Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using weighted least squares mean and variance adjusted (WLSMV) as an estimator. Although the hypothesised three-factor model demonstrated excellent global fit, the latent covariance matrix was not positive definite and some estimated standardised correlations among the latent dimensions exceeded unity, indicating that the three dimensions were not empirically distinguishable in the present sample. Consequently, a one-factor model was evaluated and demonstrated an excellent fit to the data (χ²/df = 1.41, CFI = .98, TLI = .97, RMSEA = .046, SRMR = .05) with Omega reliability coefficient of .858. The findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the factorial validity and high reliability of the C-TIPS. Further validation using larger and more diverse samples and additional sources of validity evidence is recommended.

Keywords

Chemistry education; Teachers’ instructional practices; Psychometric evaluation; Confirmatory factor analysis; Pre-service chemistry teachers

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How to Cite

Guyah, P., Zakariya, Y. F., & Umahaba, R. E. (2026). Psychometric Evaluation of the Chemistry Teachers’ Instructional Practices Scale using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Journal of Studies in Science and Mathematics Education, 6(2), 25–36.

P. Guyah, Y. F. Zakariya, and R. E. Umahaba, "Psychometric Evaluation of the Chemistry Teachers’ Instructional Practices Scale using Confirmatory Factor Analysis," Journal of Studies in Science and Mathematics Education, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 25–36, August 2026.

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